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You pick up the phone and hear a stern voice claiming you owe money. Maybe it’s for a credit card you don’t recognize, a loan you never took out or some old bill you thought was long gone. Panic sets in, especially if the caller threatens arrest, wage garnishment or lawsuits.
Unfortunately, this scenario is becoming all too common. Scammers are posing as debt collectors, and retirees are among their favorite targets. Even legitimate debt collection companies have crossed the line. One such company was ordered to pay over $8 million for harassing people into paying fake debts.
The good news? With a little knowledge and some practical steps, you can spot these calls, protect yourself and stop them before they get too close for comfort.
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JURY DUTY PHONE SCAMS ON THE RISE AS FRAUDSTERS IMPERSONATE LOCAL OFFICIALS, THREATEN ARREST
A 96-year-old woman sits in an armchair in her apartment in Germany on Sept. 1, 2025, and makes a phone call. (Matthias Balk/picture alliance via Getty Images)
Why retirees are prime targets
Scammers don’t call at random. Retirees often make ideal marks because:
- Less frequent monitoring: Many retirees check credit reports and bank accounts less often, making it easier for fraud to go unnoticed.
- Accumulated assets: Retirement savings, pensions and home equity make seniors look “cash-rich” to scammers.
- Trust factor: Politeness and trust on the phone can be exploited.
- Less tech-savvy: Some retirees feel less comfortable with online verification.
This combination creates a perfect storm for fake debt collection scams.
Red flags of fake debt collector calls
Recognizing the signs can stop scammers in their tracks.
- Immediate threats or pressure: Real collectors cannot threaten arrest or use abusive language under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA).
- Unusual payment methods: Gift cards, wire transfers and cryptocurrency are red flags. Legitimate collectors use checks, debit or bank payments.
- Refusal to verify debt: If they won’t send written proof, hang up.
- Mismatch with public records: Fake companies often use official-sounding names that don’t exist.
Requests for unrelated personal information: Collectors don’t need your Social Security number or bank logins.
FAKE AGENT PHONE SCAMS ARE SPREADING FAST ACROSS THE US
Kurt “Cyberguy” Knutsson lays out red flags of fake debt collector calls. (Matthias Balk/picture alliance via Getty Images)
How to safely verify debt collector calls
Even if a call raises red flags, it’s essential to verify the information before taking action. Here’s how:
1) Request written verification
Under the FDCPA, you have the right to ask for a debt validation letter. This document should include:
- The creditor’s name
- Original amount owed
- Verification that the collector is legally authorized to collect the debt.
Ask for this before paying or sharing any personal info.
2 Look up the collector
Check with state attorneys general offices or the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). Verify that the company exists and is licensed to collect in your state.
3) Contact the original creditor
If you recognize the debt or think it may be legitimate, call the creditor directly using a verified phone number. Do not rely on the caller’s number; scammers often spoof official-looking numbers.
4) Use trusted resources
The FTC offers a “Debt Collection” section on its website with tips and complaint forms. If you suspect fraud, filing a report can help stop the scammers from targeting others.
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Experts warn retirees to be vigilant regarding fake debt collector calls. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)
Pro tip: Extra step to protect your personal information
Fraudsters rely on personal data to make calls sound convincing. Reducing the amount of information available about you online lowers your risk. Data brokers collect and sell details like your name, phone, address and even past debts. A data removal service can automatically remove your data from hundreds of broker sites, making it harder for scammers to find and target you.
While no service can guarantee the complete removal of your data from the internet, a data removal service is really a smart choice. They aren’t cheap, and neither is your privacy. These services do all the work for you by actively monitoring and systematically erasing your personal information from hundreds of websites. It’s what gives me peace of mind and has proven to be the most effective way to erase your personal data from the internet. By limiting the information available, you reduce the risk of scammers cross-referencing data from breaches with information they might find on the dark web, making it harder for them to target you.
Check out my top picks for data removal services and get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web by visiting Cyberguy.com.
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When and where to report a scam
If you’ve encountered a fake debt collector, report them right away:
- FTC: File at FTC.gov
- State Attorney General: Use the consumer complaint division in your state
- CFPB (Consumer Financial Protection Bureau): Submit a complaint online at consumerfinance.gov/complaint/or by phone
Reporting helps protect other retirees from falling victim.
Kurt’s key takeaways
Protecting your retirement isn’t just about managing your savings; it’s about defending your personal information, too. Scammers thrive on fear, urgency and trust, but you now have the knowledge to push back. By spotting red flags, verifying calls and reducing what’s available about you online, you can stop fake debt collectors in their tracks.
If a scammer called you tomorrow, would you be ready to spot the lies and protect your hard-earned savings? Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com.
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