As we age, certain cognitive changes are expected, such as occasional forgetfulness or slower processing speeds. However, some symptoms may appear subtle and are often mistaken for normal aging, when in fact, they could indicate early stages of dementia.
What is dementia?
Dementia is a common and disabling disease that affects the brain. The number of people with dementia is growing worldwide and is expected to triple by 2050. There are currently over 55 million people with dementia worldwide, and nearly 10 million new cases of dementia develop each year.Now, dementia is a broad term describing a decline in cognitive abilities that encompasses various causes, including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, among others.
Although there’s no proper cure for dementia, prevention is possible. It’s the spotting of early signs of the disease that helps in preventing the disease with an early diagnosis and treatment. Recognizing these signs early can lead to better management and planning.
Frequent word-finding difficulties
It’s common to occasionally forget a word or name, especially if it’s not frequently used. However, individuals with early dementia may experience persistent challenges in finding the right words during conversations. They might pause mid-sentence, use fillers like “that thing,” or substitute words incorrectly, such as calling a “watch” a “hand-clock.” These difficulties can disrupt communication and may go unnoticed in casual interactions.
Misplacing items in unusual places
While misplacing items occasionally is a normal part of aging, individuals with dementia may place items in unusual locations and be unable to retrace their steps to find them. For instance, placing a wallet in the refrigerator or a remote control in a drawer is more than just absent-mindedness. This behavior can lead to confusion and may cause the individual to accuse others of stealing.
Withdrawal from social activities
A person who once enjoyed social gatherings may begin to withdraw from them, not due to a lack of interest but because they feel overwhelmed or embarrassed by their cognitive difficulties. They might avoid phone calls, skip family dinners, or stop participating in hobbies they once loved. This withdrawal is often a coping mechanism to hide memory lapses or confusion.
Changes in financial management
Dementia can affect judgment and decision-making abilities. Individuals may begin to make poor financial decisions, such as forgetting to pay bills, making unusual purchases, or falling victim to scams. These changes in financial behavior can be early indicators of cognitive decline and should be addressed promptly.
Mood and personality changes
Subtle shifts in mood and personality can be early signs of dementia. An individual may become unusually anxious, fearful, suspicious, or depressed. They might also exhibit irritability or anger over minor issues. These changes can be mistaken for normal aging or stress, but if they persist, they may indicate underlying cognitive issues.While some cognitive changes are a normal part of aging, it’s important to be aware of signs that may indicate early dementia. If you or a loved one is experiencing persistent difficulties with language, memory, social interactions, financial management, or mood, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation. Early diagnosis can lead to better management and improved quality of life.
