Most people six months or older can get a flu vaccine (shot) annually. It can help prevent or lessen flu symptoms. While the flu shot is safe, there are certain things you may want to avoid after getting the vaccine to boost its effectiveness and minimize side effects.
Research on how alcohol affects the flu shot is mixed. There’s some evidence that heavy alcohol consumption may weaken the immune system, affecting how well the vaccine works and increasing the risk of side effects after getting it. Some possible side effects include fatigue, difficulty moving, and headaches. However, research shows that moderate consumption of alcohol doesn’t affect vaccine efficacy.
Alcohol can also worsen dehydration. This may increase your chances of experiencing side effects, such as headache or muscle aches, after getting the flu shot.
Some doctors recommend avoiding challenging workouts right after getting a flu shot. This is because studies have shown that intense exercise on vaccination day can increase your risk of side effects, such as fatigue, upper arm discomfort, and headaches. However, other studies have shown that moderate exercise can actually help boost the effects of the flu shot, possibly making it more effective.
Ultimately, it’s important to listen to your body before engaging in intense exercise after the flu vaccine.
While many people reach for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like Advil (ibuprofen) to ease discomfort from vaccine side effects, such as a sore arm.
Some early studies suggest that taking these anti-inflammatory drugs before or immediately after a shot might dampen your immune system’s response, since inflammation helps your body create antibodies. However, current evidence indicates the effect is likely small, and flu vaccines remain effective even when NSAIDs are used.
Much more research is needed to understand how these medications may interact with vaccines and whether the timing or dosage affects your immune response.
Flu shots are considered safe. However, like any other medication, they can still cause side effects. Side effects from the flu shot are typically mild and resolve on their own within a few days.
Common side effects may include:
- Soreness, redness, or swelling where the shot was given
- Headache
- Fever
- Nausea
- Muscle aches
- Fatigue
If you aren’t feeling well after getting a flu shot, similar at-home care when you have the flu, such as rest, fluids, and OTC pain relievers, may help. However, be cautious about taking pain relievers, especially if you’re taking other medications.
Although rare, some people may experience more serious symptoms after getting a flu vaccine. If you have any of the following symptoms, seek immediate medical attention:
